Laravel

An open-source PHP framework popularly known as Laravel is used to make web development easy and enjoyable. It has exclusive features like routing, Eloquent ORM, and Blade templates which provide easy, flexible, and powerful community support.

Routing in Laravel specifies how URLs are mapped to a specific controller or action. It allows easy URL management by which developers are able to define routes for different HTTP methods (GET, POST, etc.) in the routes/web.php file.

A controller can process incoming requests and return them, while a middleware forwards HTTP requests to the application via filtering, for instance, authentication. Middleware is a layer prior to the request reaching the controller.

Laravel migrations enable versioning of the database schema. You can build, alter, and roll back database tables easily with basic artisan commands. It assists in synchronizing the database structure between multiple environments.  

ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) refers to a native database interaction tool. It makes database manipulation easier by enabling developers to deal with database records as PHP objects, ensuring easier and more readable queries.  

Blade provides a clean syntax for building dynamic HTML templates with simple PHP syntax. The blade in Laravel's templating system. Blade is used to handle layouts, inheritance, and control structures such as loops and conditionals in views.  

Artisan is Laravel's command-line interface that assists in automating operations such as database migrations, running tests, generating controllers, and so on. It makes development easier by offering helpful commands to handle routine tasks in an efficient manner.

Laravel comes with native validation rules to check user input data. You can check input data using the validate() function in controllers or custom validation rules to verify data integrity before it is stored in the database.

Laravel migrations are necessary to handle changes in the database schema to ensure your database structure is uniform in all environments. They make it possible to perform rollback or updates of the schema as the application grows.

Laravel's service container is a robust feature for handling class dependencies and doing dependency injection. It enables automatic resolution of dependencies and assists in managing services, making the code cleaner and more maintainable.